This dates from the late 19th or early 20th century. The Japanese won the Russo-Japanese War, but a quick glance at the casualties suggests it was more a pyrrhic victory for the Japanese.
Eye Candy: Japanese anti-Russian propaganda
Notes On Liberty
Spontaneous thoughts on a humble creed
Very strong resemblance to the Standard Oil octopus: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Standard_oil_octopus_loc_color.jpg Cthulhic tendrils spread out across the globe.
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Hah. I love that greece is a crab.